On August 17, 2025, Indonesia celebrated its 80th independence anniversary in Jakarta, reflecting on its tumultuous history from foreign occupations to achieving democracy. Since the declaration of independence on August 17, 1945, the country has seen significant transformations, evolving from Sukarno’s “guided democracy” to Suharto’s military rule, and ultimately to constitutional democracy by the end of the 1990s. Economically, Indonesia has transitioned from heavy reliance on U.S. aid to becoming the 16th-largest economy globally, with a steady GDP growth of 4-6% since 1998.
However, deep-rooted issues persist. In September 2024, Indonesia’s Gini coefficient stood at around 0.35, reflecting significant wealth inequality. Freedom House categorized Indonesia as “partly free,” highlighting systemic corruption and discrimination. The election of Prabowo Subianto in October 2024 did little to alleviate these concerns, as protests erupted following a controversy over housing allowances for politicians juxtaposed against the backdrop of worsening economic inequality.
These protests were fueled by frustrations over the privileges of a corrupt elite, with diverse voices from across society demanding attention to issues like youth unemployment and environmental protection. A pivotal incident occurred when a police van killed a young delivery driver, intensifying civil unrest.
In this context, the movement found symbolic expression in the imagery of “One Piece,” a popular manga that embodies themes of camaraderie and liberation against oppressive systems. Protesters, using the series’ iconic flag, illustrated their fight for social justice and equality, resonating not only within Indonesia but also in other nations facing civil unrest.
Overall, the protests in Indonesia signal a collective call for change, uniting different societal segments under a shared desire for a more equitable future, as they stand against entrenched political systems and seek empowerment.
