Anti-government protests in Iran are driven by a combination of economic collapse and political repression, but a fundamental cause is environmental crisis. Years of neglecting scientific advice and prioritizing corrupt development have led to a severe water crisis, prompting warnings that Tehran residents may eventually need to evacuate due to land subsidence from dried aquifers. This ecological disaster extends nationwide, impacting water supplies and agriculture, while exacerbating ethnic tensions, particularly in marginalized regions like Khuzestan.
Government policies have prioritized resources for politically connected interests, deepening local grievances. The increasing scarcity of water, along with air and water pollution, has resulted in significant health issues and widespread economic disruption. Protests in regions like Sistan and Baluchestan reflect these issues, as residents demand recognition of their suffering.
The Iranian regime’s historical mismanagement has created a “water mafia,” where military and governmental entities profit at the expense of environmental sustainability. Repression of scientists and activists who raise environmental concerns further complicates the crisis. Notably, activists like Niloufar Bayani faced severe persecution for their work.
Overall, Iran’s environmental challenges resonate widely and link deeply with the political and economic struggles of its citizens, making the ecological crisis a vital driver of ongoing civil unrest.
