The article discusses the challenges faced in countering disinformation and Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI) in the context of Russia’s ongoing efforts since its invasion of Ukraine. It highlights the confusion created by the rapid growth in monitoring disinformation incidents, which leads to duplicate reporting and obscures the strategic picture.
To address these issues, the article introduces the Information Manipulation Sets (IMS) framework, developed by VIGINUM and the European External Action Service. This framework helps analysts understand the operational ecosystems behind various disinformation tactics by categorizing adversarial behaviors, tools, and tactics linked to the same threat actor. The IMSs enable analysis at tactical, operational, and strategic levels, moving beyond single incident tracking.
The working group applied the IMS framework to analyze Russian operations targeting Europe, identifying five key IMSs with unique methodologies. It also assessed the effectiveness of EU sanctions, revealing gaps in enforcement that allow entities like SDA to continue operations.
Recommendations to strengthen the counter-disinformation framework include enhancing IMS data collection, improving coordination among platforms and public bodies, and developing a robust sanctions regime. The article emphasizes the need for cooperation across sectors to effectively disrupt FIMI threats and invites stakeholders to contribute to the initiative.
