A World Bank study reveals that 90% of the global population lives with degraded land, polluted air, or water stress, which threatens economic progress. The report, “Reboot Development: The Economics of a Livable Planet,” highlights that while industrial advancement has lifted many from poverty, it now jeopardizes future prosperity, particularly in Ghana.
Eighty percent of people in low-income countries face multiple environmental stressors, whereas wealthier nations have significant portions of their populations free from these pressures. In Ghana, illegal mining (galamsey) has contaminated water and damaged agricultural land, prompting the Ghana Water Company to seek a 280% tariff increase for pollution-related costs. Urbanization and industrial activities are further degrading the environment, raising public health expenses and impacting productivity.
The report notes that environmental degradation can cost countries up to 8% of their agricultural GDP due to reduced yields. In Ghana, water stress and air pollution increase operational costs and healthcare expenses, pushing vulnerable communities toward poverty.
The World Bank urges immediate government action to restore natural systems, which has the potential for high economic returns. Ghana must balance short-term extractive profits with long-term environmental sustainability. The report emphasizes the importance of coordinated action for economic growth and ecological protection, warning that failure to address these issues could lead to permanent economic constraints.
Investments in climate adaptation are deemed essential for economic infrastructure. Delaying action will only worsen the degradation of the land, air, and water systems vital to Ghana’s economy.
